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  • 復(fù)合材料英文經(jīng)典著作(十六)《長(zhǎng)纖增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料成型工藝及其靜態(tài)、動(dòng)態(tài)載荷下的力學(xué)行為》

復(fù)合材料英文經(jīng)典著作(十六)《長(zhǎng)纖增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料成型工藝及其靜態(tài)、動(dòng)態(tài)載荷下的力學(xué)行為》

  作者:Melanie Rohde-Tibitanzl
  出版社:漢澤爾出版社,慕尼黑
      
  近幾十年來(lái),纖維增強(qiáng)樹脂基復(fù)合材料被廣泛應(yīng)用。纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料的加工性能優(yōu)異,可用于取代許多金屬部件。由于其在剛度、強(qiáng)度、耐熱性、彎曲性能、沖擊載荷下的力學(xué)性能、可回收利用、密度、成本和集成化生產(chǎn)潛力等方面具有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料在近幾年得到迅速發(fā)展。2013年歐洲復(fù)合材料市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)值占份額的33%,產(chǎn)量份額為22%。
  2013年美國(guó)復(fù)合材料市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)值占份額的36%,產(chǎn)量份額為35%。自1960年以來(lái),聚合物基復(fù)合材料以每年6%的速度增長(zhǎng),現(xiàn)已占美國(guó)結(jié)構(gòu)材料份額的16%(鋼鐵:76%;鋁:8%)。同期,鋼鐵每年產(chǎn)量基本保持不變,鋁每年產(chǎn)量的增幅不到1%。
  復(fù)合材料工業(yè)的發(fā)展主要由以下幾個(gè)領(lǐng)域所驅(qū)動(dòng):
  —汽車/交通運(yùn)輸;
  —風(fēng)能;
  —航空航天。
  截至2015年,熱塑性復(fù)合材料每年需求量的增長(zhǎng)率都高于平均水平。與熱固性復(fù)合材料相比,熱塑性復(fù)合材料具有更高的性能質(zhì)量比、低成本、可二次成型和更強(qiáng)的可設(shè)計(jì)性等優(yōu)勢(shì)。
  玻璃纖維(GF)增強(qiáng)聚丙烯(PP)/尼龍(PA)復(fù)合材料作為性能優(yōu)異的結(jié)構(gòu)材料在汽車領(lǐng)域中得到良好的應(yīng)用。例如在汽車前部、儀表盤、車門模塊和車身底部結(jié)構(gòu)件的制造中,此類材料占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位。
  纖維長(zhǎng)徑比是決定長(zhǎng)纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料(LFRT)制品力學(xué)性能的主要因素。制品中纖維長(zhǎng)度受加工工藝影響極大。因此由傳統(tǒng)工藝制備的長(zhǎng)纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料(LFRT)制品的性能往往達(dá)不到預(yù)期效果。傳統(tǒng)加工工藝分為:手工成型、注塑、模壓成型、連續(xù)拉擠成型和連續(xù)擠出成型。新型直接成型法結(jié)合了雙螺桿共混和注塑成型工藝的優(yōu)勢(shì),正逐漸用于制備長(zhǎng)纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料(LFRT)產(chǎn)品,該工藝可有效避免纖維損傷。且隨著制品中纖維平均長(zhǎng)度的增加,部件的力學(xué)性能隨之提高。
  目錄:
  PREFACE
  1 NTRODUCTION
  2 STATE OF THE ART
  2.1 Processing of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites (LFRT)
  2.2 General mechanisms of fiber length degradation during direct processing
  2.3 Fiber length degradation during injection molding compounding
  2.3.1 Fiber fracture in the compounding extruder
  2.3.2 Fiber fracture due to the valves
  2.3.3 Fiber fracture during melt buffering and injection
  2.3.4 Fiber alignment and fiber fracture during cavity filling
  2.4 Determination of Fiber Length
  2.5 Static Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
  2.5.1 Micromechanics under Static Load
  2.5.2 Modeling of Static Properties
  2.5.3 Influences on Static Properties of Fiber- Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
  2.6 Dynamic Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
  2.6.1 Micromechanics under Dynamic Load
  2.6.2 Measurement Methods for Fatigue
  2.6.3 Influences on Dynamic Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
  3 ConCLUSIONS FROM THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ART—MOTIVATION & AIM
  4 EXPERIMENTAL: METHODS & MATERIALS
  4.1 Aim: Processing Influences on Composite Properties in Injection Molding Compounding
  4.1.1 Injection Molding Compounding & Injection Molding
  4.1.2 Morphology Determination
  4.1.2.1 Fiber Length Analysis
  4.1.2.2 Measurement of Distribution
  4.1.2.3 Determination of Fiber Orientation
  4.2 Aim: Influences of Fiber Length on Static Properties
  4.3 Aim: Influences of Fiber Length on Fatigue Properties
  4.4 Materials
  4.4.1 Matrix Systems
  4.4.2 Glass Fibers
  4.4.3 Coupling Agents
  4.4.4 Manufactured Composites
  5 INFLUENCES ON MATERIAL PROPERTIES IN DIRECT PROCESSING
  5.1 Influence of Screw Setup and Fiber Inlet
  5.2 Influence of Processing Parameters and Number of Rovings
  5.3 Conclusion of Process Investigation: Fiber Length Degradation in the IMC
  5.3.1 Fiber Fracture in the Compounding Extruder
  5.3.2 Fiber Fracture during Melt Buffering and Injection
  5.3.3 Fiber Fracture during Cavity Filling
  5.4 Fiber Alignment during Cavity Filling
  6 INFLUENCE OF FIBER LENGTH ON COMPOSITE PROPERTIES UNDER STATIC LOAD
  6.1 Short Term Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites
  6.2 Modelling of Fiber Length Influence on Short Term Properties
  6.3 Micromechanical Phenomena under Static Load
  6.4 Conclusions from the Previous Paragraphs
  7 INFLUENCE OF FIBER LENGTH ON COMPOSITE PROPERTIES UNDER FATIGUE LOAD
  7.1 Long Term Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites
  7.2 Self-Heating of the Samples during Testing
  7.3 Modelling of Fiber Length Influence on Long Term Properties
  7.4 Micromechanical Phenomena under Dynamic Load
  7.5 Conclusions from the Previous Paragraphs
  7.6 S-N-Curves of seleced Composites
  7.6.1 Residual Strength after Dynamic Testing
  7.6.2 Conclusions from the Previous Paragraphs
  8 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES: TRANSFER TO REALITY
  9 DEUTSCHE ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
  10 ABBREVIATIONS, EQUATIONS & INDICES
  10.1 Abbreviation
  10.2 Formula Symbols
  10.3 Indices
  11 LITERATURE
  12 OWN PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO THIS THESIS
  Curriculum Vitae
  作者簡(jiǎn)介:
  1979年5月 出生于德國(guó)奧伊廷;
  1998年 德國(guó)蒂門多爾費(fèi)爾斯特蘭德中學(xué)畢 業(yè);
  2007年 獲亞琛工業(yè)大學(xué)博士學(xué)位;
  2007-2012年 德國(guó)拜羅伊特大學(xué)高分子工程研究院,研究員;
  2012-至今 住友德馬格塑料機(jī)械有限公司技術(shù)開發(fā)部,工程師。
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